![]() Turkey today is still known for the Mevlevi Sufi Order founded by the teachings of Rumi and their related practice of the swirling dervishes. ![]() The Sufi orders of Anatolia were brought about due to the strong tribal and clan background of the Turkish people and flourished under the tutelage of great Sufi mystics such as Kalendar and Jalaludin-i Rumi. The major social institutions of the Ottomans discussed in this chapter refer to the strong Sufi and pastoral nomadic background of the Turkish people who were run into Anatolia by Mongol invaders in the Turkish homeland of the Central Asian steppes. From the Balkans to Burma, these empires forged a vast region through which one could travel and feel as if he is in a similar situation, such as an Englishman travelling Europe and North America. Chapter 10, Rebirth, is focused on the Islamic world during this time, specifically covering the three gunpowder empires of the Ottomans, Safavids and Moghuls, starting from the Mongol invasion of the Middle East to the reign of Akbar the Great. These two chapters are concerned with the same time period from the thirteenth century to 1600 AD. ![]()
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